Para cosas que haces habitualmente o siempre pasan
Adverbios típicos: often, usually, never, hardly ever, always, every day, twice a day
Ojo doble negación. No usar negación con adverbio negativo. I don't never
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I | work |
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I | don’t | work |
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works studies finishes goes/does has |
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He | works |
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We | work |
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Pronoun | verb |
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Pron | aux (do) | verb |
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aux (do) | pron | verb |
Cosas que suceden ahora o cosas temporales que están sucediendo ahora
No para hechos habituales -> Presente Simple
Si para cosas que están sucediendo en este momento
Pistas: In this moment
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I’m |
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am | working |
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am not | working |
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I | working? |
You’re |
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are |
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are not aren’t |
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He’s |
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is | working |
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is not isn’t |
working |
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Is |
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he | working? |
She’s |
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We’re |
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are | working |
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are not aren’t |
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we | working? |
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be | verb+ing |
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to be neg | verb+ing |
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be |
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pron | verb+ing |
Acciones pasadas ya finalizadas ( no ahora o hechos que puedan continuar, ya que sería Present perfect).
Regulares + ed
conconsante + y = ied = studdies
cons+vocal + cons = ped = stopped
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worked |
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didn’t did not |
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Pron |
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past verb |
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Pron | aux (did) |
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inf verb |
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Aux (did) | pron |
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inf verb |
Para describir acciones que estaban sucediendo en el pasado.
Suele usarse en situaciones al principio de una historia pasada.
Es típico usar al pasado continuo y luego seguir con pasado simple. Ej: when I was driving a tire exploded.
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was | working |
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wasn’t was not |
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working |
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Was |
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were |
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weren’t were not |
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was | working |
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working? |
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were | working |
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weren’t were not |
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Pron |
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past to be was/were |
verb+ing |
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past to be neg |
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verb+ing |
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past to be was/were |
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pron |
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verb+ing |
Pasado reciente sin especificar exactamente cuando. Si especifica es pasado simple
Se usa normalmente para anunciar cosas (Mary's had her baby!)
Para acciones que empezaron en el pasado y continuan en el presente.
Si hablas de alguien fallecido usarás pasado simple.
Si ves since+fecha o for+tiempo/duración, suele ser Present Perfect.
Present perfect with:
for + period = actions and states wich started in the past and are still true now.
I've lived in BCN for twenty years (vine hace y sigo viviendo)
for two weeks, for ten years, for a long time...
since + beginning of a period of time (remember that in Present Perfect still continue)
since 1980, since last June...
Usarás frecuentemente con Present perfect:
yet + y ? (No ha sucedido) I haven't finished yet. Have you finished yet?
just + (Muy reciente) I have just started...
already + (Antes de lo esperado) I've already buyed
Jack was married for ten years (Pasado , ya no está casado)
Jack has been married for ten years (Lleva casado 10 años)
Contract |
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Present |
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I’ve |
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I |
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have |
worked eaten |
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haven’t have not |
worked eaten |
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have |
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worked? eaten? |
You’ve |
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has | worked |
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hasn’t have not |
worked |
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Has |
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he | worked? |
She’s |
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We’ve |
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We |
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have | worked |
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haven’t have not |
worked |
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Have |
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we | worked? |
You’ve |
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They’ve |
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Pron |
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have has (3rd) |
verb(part.) 3rd col. |
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Pron |
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have not has not (3rd) |
verb(part.) 3rd col. |
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Have Has (3rd) |
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pron |
verb(part.) 3rd col. |
Se utiliza para:
Indicar posesiones en presente (Similar a Present Perfect en forma pero uso como Present Simple
No se usa en pasado, para lo cual se usaría had (Past Simple)
I have a bike = I've got a bike
Do you have a car? = Have you got a car?
Para hablar de familia, enfermedades (illnesses) y describir gente
He's got a cold
I've got two sisters
She's got long brown hair
Algo que hacías habitualmente en el pasado pero ya no.
Present |
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Negative |
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Question | ||||||||||||||
Subject pron. |
+ | used to | + |
infinitive verb |
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Subject pron. |
+ | didn’t use to | + |
infinitive verb |
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Did | + |
subject pron. |
+ | use to | + |
infinitive verb? |
Para planes futuros o intenciones
Predicciones de algo que casi seguro va a suceder
I'm going to work for an NGO.
Look at that car! It's going to crash.
Present |
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Negative |
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Question | ||||||||||||||||||
I |
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'm |
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going to |
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work |
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I |
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going to |
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work |
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Am |
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I |
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going to |
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work? |
You |
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are |
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You |
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're not |
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Are |
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you |
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He |
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is |
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going to |
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work |
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He |
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isn’t is not |
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going to |
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work |
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He |
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is |
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going to |
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work? |
She |
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We |
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are |
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going to |
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work |
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We |
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aren’t are not |
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going to |
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work |
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We |
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are |
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going to |
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work? |
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Pron |
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be |
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going to |
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infinitive verb |
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Pron |
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be + negative |
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going to |
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infinitive verb |
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be |
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pron |
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going to |
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infinitive verb |
Planes futuros en un tiempo fijo planeado
Se puede usar igual going to pero es más típico Present Continuous con:
I'm seeing friend tonight
I'm leaving on Monday
Decisiones, ofrecimiento y promesas: Siempre que sea en positivo o negativo. (si es pregunta usarás Shall I o Shall we)
Para ofrecimiento o sugerencia pero solo se usa de manera interrogativa, aunque no se toma como pregunta.
Shall we dance? # Bailamos?
- It's hot
- Shall I open the window? # Aunque ves una pregunta, es un anuncio conforme ya abres tu la ventana. Del estilo, ya abro yo la ventana.